{"id":21,"date":"2026-01-05T12:56:27","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T12:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/libfac.univ-batna.dz\/libiaub\/?p=21"},"modified":"2026-01-20T12:34:51","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T12:34:51","slug":"%d9%86%d8%a8%d8%b0%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/libfac.univ-batna.dz\/libiaub\/?p=21","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull getwid-section-content-custom-width\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper getwid-padding-top-large getwid-padding-bottom-large getwid-padding-left-medium getwid-padding-right-medium\" style=\"min-height:50vh\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\" style=\"max-width:740px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background\" style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/cgw.motopress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/background-7.jpg')\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-image-wrapper\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-image\" src=\"https:\/\/cgw.motopress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/background-7.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:30px;margin-top:0px\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content\" style=\"text-align:center\">\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627 \ud83d\udcd6<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f <strong>\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 <\/strong>\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"#\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#000000\">Learn 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